Hands-on WorkshopsChinese & English

Nominal-Actual Comparison

Nominal-Actual Comparison is a hands-on industrial-CT metrology project that teaches and runs the core workflow — CAD comparison / deviation analysis — end to end: align a part's actual (CT scan) to its nominal (CAD desi

Updated 2026-07-26User manual

Nominal-Actual Comparison(名义-实测比对 · 上手练习)

Nominal-Actual Comparison (Hands-on Workshop) - User Manual

Dragonfly Prototype Apps · Nominal-Actual Comparison...

版本 Version 1.0 · 2026-07-26


第一部分 中文手册

目录

1. 简介

2. 七个标签页

3. 两种表面提取方法的差别(重点)

4. 使用步骤

5. 环境需求

1. 简介

名义-实测比对(Nominal-Actual Comparison) 是一个工业 CT 计量的上手练习项目,带你把最核心的工作流——CAD 对比 / 偏差分析——从原理到动手完整跑通:把零件的实测(CT 扫描)与其名义(CAD 设计)对齐,算出处处偏差,判断是否合格。

本功能由第三方(Prototype Labs / Prototype Apps)提供,非 Dragonfly 官方开发或支持,使用风险自负。证书页生成的完成证书亦非官方认证,仅供个人记录。

2. 七个标签页

1. 概念 —— 名义 vs 实测、整条流水线、典型应用。

2. 加载 CAD(名义) —— 载入 STEP/STL 作为参考基准,或一键生成合成名义零件。

3. 加载 CT(实测) —— 选择一个 Channel 作为被测件,或生成带已知偏差的合成 CT 扫描。

4. 由实测生成表面网格 —— 两条路线二选一:图像分割→ROI→网格;或亚体素 Surface Determination(本页详细对照两者差别)。

5. 配准 —— 最佳拟合 ICP,把实测网格叠合到名义上。

6. 偏差图 —— 逐点带符号最近距离,按 ±公差着色。

7. 结果与 Measurement Inspector —— 最大/均值/RMS、公差内比例、直方图。

3. 两种表面提取方法的差别(重点)

维度

图像分割→网格

表面测定 Surface Determination

表面定位

体素级,钉在网格上(阶梯)

亚体素级,落在体素之间的真实边界

精度

约 ±0.5 体素

约 ±0.1 体素或更好

对阈值

非常敏感(全局一个阈值)

局部梯度自适应,抗射束硬化

适合

快速可视化、需要 ROI

尺寸计量、公差判定、名义-实测比对

计量级比对优先用表面测定;只是要个 ROI 或快速看形状,分割就够了。

4. 使用步骤

1. 先在“加载 CAD”页点“生成合成名义零件”,在“加载 CT”页点“生成合成 CT 扫描”(也可换成自己的 STEP/STL + CT)。

2. 在“由实测生成表面网格”页,分别用两种方法各生成一次网格,对比精度。

3. 在“配准”页点“最佳拟合 ICP”把实测对齐到名义。

4. 在“偏差图”页设好公差、点“计算偏差图”,得到着色网格。

5. 在“结果”页看统计与直方图,或点“打开 Measurement Inspector”。

6. 完成后在“证书”页填写姓名生成完成证书。

5. 环境需求

无需安装、无需联网、无需 GPU、无需虚拟环境。核心动手环节用 Dragonfly 自带的 numpy/skimage/trimesh 在进程内运行;按钮也能打开 Dragonfly 自带的 Surface Determination / Mesh Registration / Measurement Inspector。加载 STEP 需要 Dragonfly 2027.1 及以上(STL/OBJ/PLY 各版本均可)。


Part II English Manual

Contents

1. Introduction

2. The seven tabs

3. Segmentation vs Surface Determination (key)

4. How to use

5. Requirements

1. Introduction

Nominal-Actual Comparison is a hands-on industrial-CT metrology project that teaches and runs the core workflow — CAD comparison / deviation analysis — end to end: align a part's actual (CT scan) to its nominal (CAD design), compute the deviation everywhere, and judge conformance.

This feature is provided by a third party (Prototype Labs / Apps), not officially developed or supported by Dragonfly. The completion certificate is also unofficial — for personal record only.

2. The seven tabs

1. Concepts — nominal vs actual, the whole pipeline, typical applications.

2. Load CAD (Nominal) — import a STEP/STL reference, or create a synthetic nominal part.

3. Load CT (Actual) — pick a Channel as the scanned part, or create a synthetic CT with a known deviation.

4. Actual → surface mesh — two routes: image segmentation → ROI → mesh; or sub-voxel Surface Determination (this tab compares them in detail).

5. Registration — best-fit ICP overlays the actual mesh onto the nominal.

6. Deviation map — signed nearest-surface distance, coloured by ± tolerance.

7. Results & Measurement Inspector — max/mean/RMS, % within tolerance, histogram.

3. Segmentation vs Surface Determination (key)

Dimension

Segmentation → mesh

Surface Determination

Surface location

voxel-level, pinned to grid (staircase)

sub-voxel, on the true boundary between voxels

Accuracy

~±0.5 voxel

~±0.1 voxel or better

Threshold

very sensitive (one global threshold)

local-gradient adaptive, robust to beam hardening

Best for

quick visualisation, needing a ROI

dimensional metrology, tolerancing, nominal-actual

Prefer surface determination for metrology-grade comparison; segmentation is enough if you only need a ROI or a quick shape.

4. How to use

1. On 'Load CAD' click 'Create synthetic nominal part'; on 'Load CT' click 'Create synthetic CT scan' (or use your own STEP/STL + CT).

2. On 'Actual → Mesh', mesh with both routes and compare accuracy.

3. On 'Registration' click 'Best-fit align (ICP)' to align actual to nominal.

4. On 'Deviation map' set the tolerance and click 'Compute deviation map' for a coloured mesh.

5. On 'Results' read the statistics/histogram, or click 'Open Measurement Inspector'.

6. Finish on the 'Certificate' tab by entering your name to generate a completion certificate.

5. Requirements

No install, no internet, no GPU, no venv. The core actions run in-process on Dragonfly's own numpy/skimage/trimesh; buttons also open the built-in Surface Determination / Mesh Registration / Measurement Inspector. Loading STEP needs Dragonfly 2027.1+ (STL/OBJ/PLY work on all versions).

You’ve reached the end of this manual.Explore the library →